Life skills notes – KNEC Diploma

Introduction

The youth face many challenges due to their physiological, psychological, social and economic circumstances.  This makes them a particularly vulnerable group.

This module unit is intended to equip them with knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that empower them to face realities of life.  It is hoped that this will enable them to take responsibility for their individual actions.

At the end of the unit is a list of teaching/learning activities, teaching/learning resources and evaluation methods that may be applied in the implementation of the syllabus unit.  The list is not exhaustive and the instructor is encouraged to explore other suitable methods.

Life Skills

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General Objectives
At the end of the module unit, the trainee should be able to:

• Develop an awareness of every day demands and challenges through critical thinking
• Deal with health problems, fears and anxieties about growing up, sexuality and relationships
• Enhance self-esteem and assertiveness in relationships with peers and adults
• Develop an appreciation of females and males as equal partners in society
• Make optimum use of time available in order to improve the quality of life
• Develop attitudes, values and skills that promote co-existence, positive, responsible and healthy life styles
• Develop an understanding of support and a sense of care and responsibility for disadvantaged groups in the community

Introduction to Life Skills

This module unit is intended to equip the trainee with knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that empower him/her to face challenges posed by their physiological, psychological, social and economic circumstances. It will enable him/her to take responsibility for their individual actions.

Topic 1: Introduction to Life skills

• Definition of the term life skills
• Categories
• Benefits
• Living values and our lives
• Relationship between life skills and living values

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Topic 2: Self Awareness

• Self description
• Self assessment
• Challenges that hinder the attainment of life goals
• Strategies of overcoming challenges
• Values associated with self awareness skill

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Topic 3: Self Esteem

• Definition of self esteem
• Signs of high self esteem in an individual
• Signs of low self esteem
• Importance of high self esteem
• Factors that enhance high and low esteem
• Effects of low self esteem
• Values associated with high self esteem
• Ways of boosting self esteem

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Topic 4: Stress Management

• Definition of stress
• Causes of stress
• Effects of stress
• Coping with stress
• Forms of positive stress
• Values associated to positive stress management

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Topic 5: Coping with Emotion

• Definition of emotion
• Good and bad feelings
• Causes of good and bad feelings
• Meaning of emotional intelligence
• Feelings which can lead to risky behaviour
• Ways of coping with negative emotions
• Values associated with emotional intelligence

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Topic 6: Empathy

• Definition of empathy
• Importance of empathising
• Difference between empathy and sympathy
• Situations requiring empathy
• Values associated with empathy

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Topic 7: Assertiveness        

• Definition of assertiveness
• Characteristics of an assertive person
• Steps to being assertive
• Importance of being assertive
• Difference between assertiveness and aggressiveness
• Difference between peer pressure and peer influence
• Values associated with assertiveness

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Topic 8: Negotiation

• Definition of negotiation
• Importance of negotiation
• Situations that require negotiation
• Negotiating techniques
• Values associated with negotiations

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Topic 9: Non-Violent Conflict Resolution

• Definition of conflict
• Causes of conflict
• Topic: Consequences of conflict
• Types of conflict
• Ways of dealing with conflict
• Skills necessary for conflict management
• Institutions that resolve conflict in community
• Values related to conflict resolution

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Topic 10: Effective Decision Making

• Situations that require decision making
• Challenges facing youth in decision making
• Factors influencing decision making
• Steps to effective decision making
• Consequences of not making effective decisions
• Decision making institutions within community
• Values associated with effective decision making

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Topic 11: Critical Thinking

• Meaning of critical thinking
• Risky situations
• Evaluating ideas or issues objectively
• Consequences of making decisions before thinking critically
• Values associated with critical thinking

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Topic 12: Creative Thinking

• Definition of creative thinking
• Situations that require creative thinking
• Importance of being creative
• Consequences of not being creative
• Values associated with creative thinking

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Topic 13: Problem Solving

• Problem areas requiring solutions
• Causes of problems
• Methods of solving problems
• Problem solving process
• Values necessary for solving problems

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Topic 14: Leisure

• Definition of leisure
• Effects of misusing of leisure time
• Activities for positive leisure
• Life skills necessary for positive use of leisure time
• Values associated with leisure

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Topic 15: Time Management

• Definition of time management
• Work schedule
• Time management chart
• Importance of managing time
• Time wasters
• Values and associated life skills

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Topic 16: Gender Education

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• Definition of gender
• Agents perpetuating gender discrimination
• Gender stereotyping
• Effects of gender on an individual
• Strategies to eliminate gender discrimination
• Values associated with gender parity

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Topic 17: Drug and Substance Abuse

• Definition of terms
• Commonly abused drugs Causes of drug and substance abuse
• Signs and Symptoms of drug and substance abuse
• Effects of drug and substance abuse
• Relationship between drug abuse and HIV and AIDS
• Management of drug and substance abuse
• Measures to prevent drug and substance abuse
• Life skills and values necessary to prevent drug substance abuse

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Topic 18: HIV and AIDS

• Definition of terms
• Ways in which HTV is transmitted
• Signs and symptoms of AIDS
• Catalysts of the spread of HIV and AIDS
• Ways of preventing spread of HIV and AIDS
• Interventions for HIV and AIDS
• Myths and Misconceptions          about HIV and AIDS
• Care and support of the infected and affected
• Factors that facilitate the spread of HIV and AIDS

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Topic 19: Child Labour

• Definition of terms
• Difference between child labour and work
• Forms of child labour
• Factors leading to child labour
• Community level of awareness on child labour
• Possible interventions to child labour
• Appropriate life skills

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Topic 20: Child Rights

• Definition of terms
• Types of human needs
• UN Conventions on the Rights of the child
• Categories of child rights
• Importance of child rights and child protection
• Responsibilities to child rights
• Principles of child rights
• Life skills and values

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Topic 21: Relationships

• Types of relationships
• Developing healthy relationships
• Factors that influence healthy relationships
• Maintaining healthy relationships
• Influence of relationships on behaviour
• Values associated with relationship
• Life skills and relationships

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References

African Network for the Protection and Prevention against Child Abuse and Neglect Kenya Chapter (2001)

Botvin, G. J. (2000).Life Skills Training: Promoting Health and Personal Development. Prince: Princeton Health Press

Forman, S.G. (1995). Coping skills interventions for children and adolescents. San- Francisco: Jossey Bass Publishers

Schnike, S.P. & Gichrist, L.D. (1984). Life Skills counseling with adolescents. Baltimre: Unversity Park Press

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